Lake Natron is one of the most mysterious and thrilling lakes in all of Africa, as it is said that living animals can be instantly transformed into stone… at least according to local myths.
Located in northern Tanzania, not far from the border with Kenya, Lake Natron is a salt lake that is less than three meters deep. Its highly alkaline waters, rich in sodium carbonate and other minerals from the surrounding mountains, are so corrosive that they can burn the skin and eyes.
Due to its remote location and challenging accessibility, few people get the chance to experience this incredible and wild environment, making it a truly special off-the-beaten-track destination.
But Lake Natron offers much more than ‘just’ a lake. It is home to numerous hot springs, stunning waterfalls, and the active volcano Mt. Oldoinyo Lengai—all waiting to be explored by you!
Lake Natron, nestled in the remote northern reaches of Tanzania, is a place like no other. This shallow soda lake stretches over 56 kilometers long and 24 kilometers wide, with temperatures reaching up to 60°C.
Its surface shimmers with a striking red hue, thanks to salt-loving microorganisms, particularly a type of algae called Dunaliella salina. These microorganisms thrive in the alkaline waters and produce a red pigment known as beta-carotene.
Under the blazing African sun, the bright red color can become even more pronounced due to specific salts and minerals. As the water level changes, the intensity of the red varies, making Lake Natron a dynamic and visually stunning natural wonder that draws visitors eager to see this unique landscape.
The lake’s extreme chemistry, influenced by minerals from volcanic ash, makes it inhospitable for most life—except for the lesser flamingo, which relies on this desolate environment for breeding. This harsh yet beautiful lake stands as a testament to nature’s ability to adapt and endure in the most hostile conditions.
Next to the obvious highlights that is the lake itself, there’s a remarkable inhabitant of the Lake that captures a lot of attention… the only inhabitant that seems to thrive in this deadly alkaline waters; the lesser flamingo.
Over 2 million flamingos call this unique environment home, making it the world’s largest breeding ground for these stunning birds. The lake provides a safe haven for flamingos, as few other animals can survive its corrosive waters.
Breeding season: From August to October, thousands flock to the shores for nesting, creating a breathtaking spectacle. During this time, the conditions in the lake, such as the high salinity and availability of algae, create an ideal environment for nesting and raising their young. The algae in Lake Natron, rich in carotenoids, is crucial to their diet and contributes to their beautiful pink coloration. While you can spot flamingos in places like the Momella Lakes and Lake Manyara, the scale and beauty of their presence at Lake Natron is truly unmatched.
One of the most most striking highlights of Lake Natron is Ol Doinyo Lengai, an active volcano that rises majestically on the lake’s eastern shore. Known as the “Mountain of God” by the Maasai, Ol Doinyo Lengai is unique for its carbonatite lava, which is unlike any other volcano on Earth.
This distinctive lava flows at relatively low temperatures, creating fascinating formations as it cools. The volcano not only offers adventurous hiking opportunities but also provides breathtaking panoramic views of the surrounding area, including the mesmerizing hues of Lake Natron.
The very brave among us may find the opportunity to climb Ol Doinyo Lengai very exciting, as you’ll start the ascent at midnight and arrive on the top at sunrise. A difficult and thrilling ascent, which is not for everyone.
For those seeking an authentic Maasai experience away from the tourist crowds, Lake Natron is the perfect destination. As the centerpiece of a traditional homeland for the Maasai people, the area offers a unique chance to immerse yourself in their rich culture. Spend a few days with the Maasai, learning about their customs and way of life, and participate in traditional ceremonies set against the stunning backdrop of the lake.
Lake Natron is a truly extraordinary natural phenomenon, stretching across 56 kilometers in northern Tanzania. Due to the lake’s harsh environment, any animal unfortunate enough to land in the lake is not likely to survive.
The lake’s water has an extremely high pH level (up to 10.5) and is so caustic that it can burn the skin and eyes of animals not adapted to its conditions. The salts and minerals in the water can cause severe dehydration and, over time, calcify the remains of animals, preserving and mummifying any creature that dies in or around the lake. While lesser flamingos have evolved to thrive in this harsh environment, most other animals cannot survive prolonged exposure to the lake’s waters, creating eerie, statue-like figures along its shores.
So, is it really just a myth, or does the lake truly have the power to “turn animals to stone”?
Lake Natron is a remarkable destination year-round, but the dry season; June to October, offers the most favorable conditions. During this period it’s less hot, the weather is more predictable, with clear skies and lower chances of rain, making it easier to explore the surrounding landscapes, waterfalls, and nearby volcanoes like Ol Doinyo Lengai.
During this period of Agust-October, it also happens to be the breeding season of the lessen flamingo;
From November to May, the wet season brings occasional rain, particularly between March and May, which can make roads more challenging to navigate and access to the lake difficult. However, the rains bring their own beauty, transforming the landscape into lush green scenery. The flamingo population is still present, but the experience will feel more remote and adventurous, especially for those who don’t mind fewer crowds and slightly unpredictable weather.
Due to the harsh conditions of Lake Natron, the wildlife is somewhat limited. However, the area is still home to a variety of bird species, making it a great destination for birdwatchers. You may also spot several other animals, such as zebras and wildebeests, that venture into the surrounding regions. Despite the challenging environment, Lake Natron offers a unique glimpse into the resilience of wildlife and the beauty of nature.
The percentages are an estimation of how often we’ve seen these animals ourselves based on our visits. Some animals we’ve seen 100%, every time we’ve visited. However, it’s not a zoo, so there’s always a chance you miss an animal.
Feel like visiting yet?
Lake Natron has a semi-arid climate that can be quite extreme compared to other parts of Tanzania. Daytime temperatures often rise to around 30 degrees Celsius, while at night they can drop to a cooler 18 degrees. The area’s dry, hot conditions are intensified by the alkaline waters of the lake, which create an almost otherworldly atmosphere. If you’re visiting during the day, be sure to stay hydrated and wear sun protection, while a light jacket is handy for cooler evenings.
The rainy seasons are divided similarly to other regions in northern Tanzania, with the ‘long rains’ occurring between March and May and the ‘short rains’ between November and December. However, rainfall here tends to be much lighter than in other areas, and when it does rain, it rarely lasts the whole day. While the long rains can make the terrain slippery and harder to traverse, the short rains often create refreshing conditions and a vibrant landscape without disrupting travel plans too much. Despite its harsh climate, Lake Natron’s unique environment remains a breathtaking destination year-round.
With its stunning landscapes and unique ecosystem, there are plenty of activities to enjoy while visiting Lake Natron.
Here are some examples:
Below are some of our favourite accommodations in/near Lake Natron. There are loads of options available in multiple price ranges. There’s a perfect accommodation for all kinds of travelers!
We select our accommodations on a few criteria that guarantee the best possible experience. Some of these criteria are most scenic views, unique (efficient) and adventurous locations and of course the wildlife-experience!
Note that you’re only allowed to drive in the parks between 6am and 6pm.
